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Sustainable
eNews |
October 2002 |
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IWMC
World Conservation Trust |
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Logical Risk
Management Plan of
Natural Resources - Our Forests!
John
McDougall
Australia
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Here in Australia we have seen a huge impact by fire
upon our very precious native bush, our State Forests, National Forests,
Royal National Forests and possibly even our World Heritage areas? This
destruction has come about for one reason, and one reason only - fire!
It has not all been caused by people, (unless everyone is a pyro-maniac
and has deliberately lit fires), lightening can also naturally cause the
same effect! Fire in forests has not been entirely caused by people,
despite some people being pyromaniacs, because when there is a fire and our
forests are threatened, people risk their lives to save what is being lost!
It is not caused by animals unless they have the ability to cause fire,
(Malle Hens with their incubation nests?), for animals value the forests
and trees for habitat although spontaneous combustion can occur where damp,
compacted debris can accumulate.
Where catastrophic losses of conservation have been lost, when all has
been lost it has been caused by FIRE! In a management regime the only way
to manage the risks is, where possible, to remove them. So let us have a
look at the possible causes of fire, our forests and how they can be
managed through a logical "risk assessment" process. Fire is
caused by lightning. This is natural. How can we manage this. We can't! We
can put up lightning rods to create earth throughout a forest but we cannot
totally control and manage lightning! Fire can also be caused by
spontaneous combustion of compressed debris. How can we manage that? Malle
fowl make use of this for their nests to incubate their eggs but are we
prepared to remove them, for they are part of the ecosystem. Can people
removing dead firewood help in this effort - yes! But we are told removing
the debris removes vital habitat! Strangely, when all is lost by fire the
habitat and the ecosystem returns - largely by itself! Firewood collection
thereby not only provides comfort for those who gather firewood it also
reduces the threat of fire and the destruction of conservation values. If
we use fuel reduction burns, we are not only using the highest risk method
for reducing fuel we are also inviting total lost?
You might spend as many man hours attempting to control a modified fuel
reduction burn as you will spend controlling a full-on bush fire, for if
the fire gets away from you because of wind, heat etc, aspects of nature
that you cannot control, then all will be lost! I believe DNRE have
experience with this! Another means of reducing the risk is to identify the
areas that you want to preserve/conserve - usually "old growth"
forests. To protect this central core there must be a reduced threat by
means of a buffer. This can be accommodated by thinning the trees and fuel
surrounding the core-protected area, for if fire occurs through lightening
- all will be lost anyway!
And so logging selectively is a genuine means of reducing the threat
from fire and losing all values! Additional internal management of risk can
be related to people. We must ensure we have managed areas to have BBQ
dinners - make them electric or gas and ensure they are within a cleared
area and close by to water. Take the electricity underground so that if
there is a threat, it is minimised!
People must not use matches or smoke when using our native forests,
except in low risk areas, for to do so is to cause a threat! The banning of
matches and other ignition implements can be encouraged, thereby minimising
the threat of fire, not by excluding the people!
When the "tree huggers" are trying to impose their values upon
you, by removing you from the forests, remind them that fire is the threat
and not the people. Remind them that fire occurs naturally from lightening
and that keeping people out will not prevent the loss! Remind them that to
save the forests there must be additional preventative measures from
within, as well as the external factors - this can only occur with forest
thinning, (not fire), mechanical undergrowth clearing with firewood
collection, (not fire) and the very, very, very last option is fire itself
because in itself, it is the greatest risk! I trust these thoughts will
assist you in achieving your objectives and mine! Man has lived on this
planet from the beginning of time and he has always been part of the
environment, including trees. Not wilderness areas, Royal National Forests,
National Forests or World Heritage areas can protect forest values from
fire for it can always occur naturally, from lightening!
Enjoy your forests and the wonder of your environment in the knowledge
that not even the "precautionary principle" can guard against the
threat of natural fire, the precautionary principle is, in my opinion, just
another grab, for when the greatest risk/threat is faced with respect to a
conservation value, as with fire and forests, all will be lost anyway!
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