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Commercial Use and
Export of Chamaeleonid and Phelsumid Lizards in Madagascar – An Experiment in
Adaptive Management
Robert W. G. Jenkins
Chair of the CITES Animals Committee
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Harvest Regulation and Supervision
Participating exporters have consented to provide the Management Authority
with the names and addresses of all their contracted "collectors". All
identified collectors are issued with a hunting licence. Each collector
furnishes the Management Authority with the names and addresses of the local
community individuals who provide them with animals. The names and addresses of
these individuals are included on each hunting licence.
The collection of all lizards is undertaken by licensed collectors (generally
from local communities) under the close supervision of an independent field
auditor. All animals have their collecting sites recorded which are verified on
site by LANGAHA biologists (an association acting within the framework of the
University of Antananarivo). Each collector is supplied with standardized
registration cards.
When receiving an export order, the exporter advisees the field auditor of
the species and number of specimens comprising the order together with the name
of the collector who supplies the animals. A registration card is completed for
each animal collected. The registration card contains information on the
species, collection site, date and name of the person who captured the animal.
All lizards collected under the program are sent to the field auditor for
verification, who subsequently enters the information from the registration
cards onto a computerized database. Following verification that the numbers
harvested from the wild do not exceed the permitted quota, the field auditor
forwards the animals to the relevant exporter.
Holding Facilities and Export
As a condition of their licence, all participating export operations are
required to maintain accurate and up-to-date records of lizards. Exporters are
also required to open their facilities for periodic inspections by the
Management Authority or any other regulatory entity authorized under the
experimental management programme.
The export of all Calumma, Furcifer and Phelsuma spp is
restricted to the operations participating in the experimental programme. All
exports are effected from Antananarivo International Airport. All export
consignments are checked at the Airport by the Management Authority with
technical assistance provided by the field auditor and LANGAHA biologists to
ensure that all specimens that comprise the shipment accord to the number of
specimens and scientific names of the species recorded on the CITES Export
Permit.
Harvest and Export Quotas
Annual harvest quotas for all species of Calumma, Furcifer and Phelsuma
will be set not to exceed 10 per cent of the established export quota for each
species in order to take account of any post-capture mortalities and avoid any
stock-piling of animals. Field data suggests that some species which are habitat
specialists with restricted distributions (e.g. Chamaeleo tuzetae, Phelsuma
antanosy and Phelsuma pronki), are threatened. These species have
been given zero harvest and export quotas. The annual export quotas proposed for
the duration of the experimental programme are listed in Annex 1.
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